Ch 4, p. 27 Asking Yes/ No questions with "Czy"

Grammar: By adding "Czy" in front of a sentence you can Ask Yes/No questions
Remember "to" means this, that or it.

Examples:
“To jest trawa” is “This is grass.”
“Czy to jest trawa?” is “Is this grass?”
“Nie, to nie jest trawa” is “No, this is not grass.”
“To jest kwiat.” is “This is a flower.”

Practice:

How do you say in English?

• Czy to jest drzewo?
• To jest róslina.
• Nie, to nie jest owoc.
• Czy to jest las?
• To jest góra.
• Nie, to jest rzeka.

How do you say in Polish?

• Is this a tree?
• This is a plant.
• No, this is not fruit.
• Is this a forest?
• This is a mountain.
• No, this is not a river.

© 2007 by KGW

Ch 4, p. 26 Outside in the Country Polish Words

English
Polish
Gender
Pronunciation
Menomic

flower
kwiat
m
kvyat
Imagine one KV YACHT of FLOWERs.

tree
drzewo
n
DZHE vo
Imagine an electrician called JEFF VOlt climbing a TREE

plant
roślina
f
rośh LEE na
Imagine a beautiful PLANT called ROSE LEE NA

fruit
owoc
m
O vots
Imagine FRUIT being tossed into O shaped VATS.

grass
trawa
f
TRA va
Remember not to TRA VEl on the GRASS

park
park
m
park
Imagine enjoying a polish PARK.

weather
pogoda
f
po GO da
Imagine in nice WEATHER that PAUl GO DAWdle

forest
las
m
las
Imagine that this is the LASt FOREST you will ever see.

mountain
góra
f
GOO ra
Imagine alternating your cheers GOO RAH on a MOUNTAIN.

river
rzeka
f
ZHE ka
Imagine you need to GEt KAle down by the RIVER.


What is English for:

• kwiat
• drzewo
• róslina
• owoc
• trawa
• park
• pogoda
• las
• góra
• rzeka

What is Polish for:

• flower
• tree
• plant
• fruit
• grass
• park
• weather
• forest
• mountain
• river

© 2007 by KGW

Ch 3, Polish/ English Wordlist

Polish -English -Gender -Pronunciation- Menomic

• bez- without- n/a -bes -It’s BESt to be WITHOUT some things.
• blisko -near -n/a -BLEES ko -It’s sheer BLISS COming NEAR the lake on a hot day.
• bliźnięta -twins -pl. -bleeźh ńAN ta -BLEACH NAN Til her hair is white so that she will look like her TWIN.
• bluzka -blouse -f -BLOOZ ka -Imagine a BLOUSE the color of the BLUE SKy.
• brat-brother -m -BRAT -Imagine your friend’s BROTHER is a really brat who eats all the BRATs.
• but -shoe -m -BOOT -Imagine calling your SHOE a BOOT
• chłopiec -boy -m -KHWO phets -Imagine the BOY yelling WOW PETS at the pet store
• córka -daughter -f -TSOOR ka -Imagine your DAUGHTER loves the CIRCUs.
• czapka -cap -f -CHAP ka -Imagine that a CHAP CAn wear your cap.
• daleko -far away -n/a -da LE ko -DAd LEt gO when you got to FAR AWAY.
• daleko od -far from -n/a -da LE ko od -FAR FROM DALI COnes look ODD.
• drzwi -door -n- DZHVEE -DoeS VIctor like the new DOOR?
• dziewczyna -girl -f -dźhev CHI na -Imagine a GIRL in DSHED in CHINA.
• i -and -n/a -ee -Imagine shrieking, EEk! AND there is a mouse!
• krawat- tie -m -KRA vat -Imagine calling your Polish TIE, a CRAVAT.
• matka -mother -f -MAT ka -Imagine your MOM saying “MAT CAn do that.”
• mąż -husband -m -mownsh- Imagine your HUSBAND, showing you the lawn MOWN SHort.
• nie -no -n/a- ńe -Imagine a sign saying NO riding in the caNYon.
• nie -not -n/a -ńe -Imagine that you’re NOT going fire the caNYon during the 4th of July.
• niemowię -baby -n -ńe MO vlan- Imagine the BABY saying NO MORE VAN.
• nożyczki -scissors -pl. -no ZHICH kee -NO STITCH so KEEN can be cut with a scissors.
• obok -next to -n/a -O bok -Look for it NEXT TO the “O” BOoK.
• od -from -n/a -od -That’s ODD, I thought you were FROM here.
• ojciec -father -m -OY ćhets -Imagine your DAD who loves chess crying out in joy, “OH CHESS” when he sees a chessboard.
• piżama -pajamas -f -pee ZAH ma- Imagine buying PAJAMAS from Poland
• płaszcz- coat -m -PWASHCH -Imagine asking the dry cleaner to please WASH CHarlie’s COAT.
• schody -stairs -pl. -SKHO di -SCOLD DILlon for cluttering up the STAIRS again.
• siostra- sister- f- śHOS tra- Imagine your SISTER, SO STROng, beating all the boys in arm wrestling.
• spódnica- skirt- f -spood ńEE tsa -Imagine wearing a SPUD NEATly SOwn on your SKIRT.
• spodnie -trousers -pl. -SPOD ńe -A SPUD Never makes good TROUSERS.
• sweter -sweater- m -SVE ter -Imagine wearing a Polish SWEATER.
• syn -son -m -SIN -Imagine your SON is more handsome than SIN.
• szorty -shorts -pl.- SHOR ti -Only a SHORTY can wear SHORTS.
• tak -yes- n/a -TAK -Imagine saying YES, I’d like listening to the clock going tick, TOCK, tick TOCK.
• urodziny -birthday -n -oo ro DźHEE ni -OO, RODNEY’S BIRTHDAY is today.
• wakacje- holiday -pl. -va KATS ye -There are VAcant COTS YEs because everyone is on VACATION.
• żona -wife -f -ZHO na -Imagine your WIFE named JOAN NAturally.

© 2007 by KGW

Ch 3 English/ Polish Wordlist

English - Polish - Gender - Pronunciation - Menomic

• and - i - n/a - ee - Imagine shrieking, EEk! AND there is a mouse!
• baby - niemowię - n - ńe MO vlan - Imagine the BABY saying NO MORE VAN.
• birthday - urodziny - n - oo ro DźHEE ni - OO, RODNEY’S BIRTHDAY is today.
• blouse - bluzka - f - BLOOZ ka - Imagine a BLOUSE the color of the BLUE SKy.
• boy - chłopiec -m - KHWO phets -Imagine the BOY yelling WOW PETS at the pet store
• brother -brat -m -BRAT -Imagine your friend’s BROTHER is a really brat who eats all the BRATs
• cap -czapka -f -CHAP ka -Imagine that a CHAP CAn wear your cap.
• coat -płaszcz -m -PWASHCH -Imagine asking the dry cleaner to please WASH CHarlie’s COAT.
• daughter -córka -f -TSOOR ka -Imagine your DAUGHTER loves the CIRCUs.
• door -drzwi -n -DZHVEE -DoeS VIctor like the new DOOR?
• far away -daleko -n/a -da LE ko -DAd LEt gO when you got to FAR AWAY.
• far from -daleko od -n/a -da LE ko od -FAR FROM DALI COnes look ODD.
• father -ojciec -m -OY ćhets -Imagine your DAD who loves chess crying out in joy, “OH CHESS” when he sees a chessboard.
• from -od -n/a -od -That’s ODD, I thought you were FROM here.
• girl -dziewczyna -f -dźhev CHI na -Imagine a GIRL in DSHED in CHINA.
• holiday -wakacje -pl. -va KATS ye -There are VAcant COTS YEs because everyone is on VACATION.
• husband -mąż -m -mownsh -Imagine your HUSBAND, showing you the lawn MOWN SHort.
• mother -matka -f -MAT ka -Imagine your MOM saying “MAT CAn do that.”
• near -blisko -n/a -BLEES ko -It’s sheer BLISS COming NEAR the lake on a hot day.
• next to -obok -n/a -O bok -Look for it NEXT TO the “O” BOoK.
• no -nie -n/a -ńe -Imagine a sign saying NO riding in the caNYon.
• not -nie -n/a -ńe -Imagine that you’re NOT going fire the caNYon during the 4th of July.
• pajamas -piżama -f -pee ZAH ma -Imagine buying PAJAMAS from Poland
• scissors -nożyczki -pl. -no ZHICH kee -NO STITCH so KEEN can be cut with a scissors.
• shoe -but -m -BOOT -Imagine calling your SHOE a BOOT
• shorts -szorty -pl. -SHOR ti -Only a SHORTY can wear SHORTS.
• sister -siostra -f -śHOS tra -Imagine your SISTER, SO STROng, beating all the boys in arm wrestling.
• skirt -spódnica -f- spood ńEE tsa- Imagine wearing a SPUD NEATly SOwn on your SKIRT.
• son -syn -m -SIN- Imagine your SON is more handsome than SIN.
• stairs -schody- pl. -SKHO di- SCOLD DILlon for cluttering up the STAIRS again.
• sweater- sweter -m -SVE ter- Imagine wearing a Polish SWEATER.
• tie- krawat- m- KRA vat- Imagine calling your Polish TIE, a CRAVAT.
• trousers- spodnie- pl.- SPOD ńe- A SPUD Never makes good TROUSERS.
• twins- bliźnięta- pl.- bleeźh ńAN ta- BLEACH NAN Til her hair is white so that she will look like her TWIN.
• wife- żona- f- ZHO na- Imagine your WIFE named JOAN NAturally.
• without- bez- n/a- bes- It’s BESt to be WITHOUT some things.
• yes- tak- n/a- TAK- Imagine saying YES, I’d like listening to the clock going tick, TOCK, tick TOCK.

© 2007 by KGW

Ch 3 p.25 Some useful plural words

English
Polish
Gender
Pronunciation
Menomic

trousers
spodnie
pl.
SPOD ńe
A SPUD Never makes good TROUSERS.

shorts
szorty
pl.
SHOR ti
Only a SHORTY can wear SHORTS.

scissors
nożyczki
pl.
no ZHICH kee
NO STITCH so KEEN can be cut with a scissors.
birthday
urodziny

n
oo ro DźHEE ni
OO, RO DNEY’S BIRTHDAY is today.
holiday
wakacje
pl.
va KATS ye
There are VAcant COTS YEs because everyone is on VACATION.

twins
bliźnięta
pl.
bleeźh ńAN ta
BLEACH NAN Til her hair is white so that she will look like her TWIN.

stairs
schody
pl.
SKHO di
SCOLD DILlon for cluttering up the STAIRS again.

door
drzwi
n
DZHVEE
DoeS VIctor like the new DOOR?

What is English for?

• spodnie
• szorty
• nożyczki
• urodziny
• wakacje
• bliźnięta
• schody
• drzwi

What is Polish for:

• trousers
• shorts
• scissors
• birthday
• holiday
• twins
• stairs
• door

© 2007 by KGW

Ch 3, p.24 Some useful Polish prepositions usually followed by the Genitive Case

English
Polish
Pronunciation
Menomic

far away
daleko
da LE ko
DAd LEt gO when you got to FAR AWAY.

from
od
od
That’s ODD, I thought you were FROM here.

without
bez
bes
It’s BESt to be WITHOUT some things.

near
blisko
BLEES ko
It’s sheer BLISS COming NEAR the lake on a hot day.

far from
daleko od
da LE ko od
FAR FROM DALI COnes look ODD.

next to
obok
O bok
Look for it NEXT TO the “O” BOoK.


How do you say in English?

1. daleko
2. od
3. bez
4. blisko
5. daleko od
6. obok

How do you say in Polish?

1. far away
2. from
3. without
4. near
5. far from
6. next to

These prepositions are usually followed by the Genitive Case.

How do you say in English?

1. Dom jest daleko.
2. Dziewczyna ma sweter od matki.
3. Chłopiec ma dom bez łazienki.
4. Mysz jest blisko domu.
5. Kurtyna daleko od okna.
6. Ogród jes obok lustra.

How do you say in Polish?

1. The house is far away.
2. The girl has a sweater from mother.
3. The boy has a house without a bathroom.
4. The mouse is near the house.
5. The curtain is far from the window.
6. The garden is next to the mirror.

© 2007 by KGW

Ch 3, p. 23 Some Useful Polish words, Yes, No, Not, and, There is, There is not

Some useful words. Imagine each in your mind.

English
Polish
Gender
Pronunciation
Menomic

yes
tak
n/a
TAK
Imagine saying YES, I’d like listening to the clock going tick, TOCK, tick TOCK.

no
nie
n/a
ńe
Imagine a sign saying NO riding in the caNYon.

not
nie
n/a
ńe
Imagine that you’re NOT going fire the caNYon during the 4th of July.

and
i
n/a
ee
Imagine shrieking, EEk! AND there is a mouse!


What is English for:

• tak
• nie
• nie
• i

What is Polish for:

• yes
• no
• not
• and

Grammar:
“There is” in Polish is “Jest”
So there is a telephone is Jest telefon (Nominative case)

“There is not” in Polish is “Nie ma + Genitive case”
So “There is not a telephone” is “Nie ma telfonu”

How do you say in English?
1. Jest okno.
2. Nie ma okna.
3. Jest sweter.
4. Nie ma swetera.
5. Jest bluska.
6. Nie ma bluski.
7. Siostra ma brat.
8. Siostra nie ma brata*

How do you say in Polish?

1. There is a window.
2. There is not a window.
3. There is a sweater.
4. There is not a sweater.
5. There is a blouse.
6. There is not a blouse.
7. Sister has a brother.
8. Sister does not have a brother.

*Grammar note: Remember, the genitive case is used after negatives

© 2007 by KGW

Ch 3, p. 22 Polish Clothing

Picture each word in your mind as you read.

English
Polish
Gender
Pronunciation
Menomic

sweater
sweter
m
SVE ter
Imagine wearing a Polish SWEATER.

coat
płaszcz
m
PWASHCH
Imagine asking the dry cleaner to please WASH CHarlie’s COAT.

shoe
but
m
BOOT
Imagine calling your SHOE a BOOT

pajamas
piżama
f
pee ZAH ma
Imagine gettin PIZza on your pajAMAS from Poland

skirt
spódnica
f
spood ńEE tsa
Imagine wearing a SPUD NEATly SOwn on your SKIRT.

blouse
bluzka
f
BLOOZ ka
Imagine a BLOUSE the color of the BLUE SKy.


tie
krawat
m
KRA vat
Imagine calling your Polish TIE, a CRAVAT.

cap
czapka
f
CHAP ka
Imagine that a CHAP CAn wear your cap.


What is English for:

• sweter
• płaszcz
• but
• piżama
• spódnica
• bluzka
• krawat
• czapka

What is Polish for:

• sweater
• coat
• shoe
• pajamas
• skirt
• blouse
• tie
• cap
  

© 2007 by KGW

Ch 3, p. 21 Quiz on Genitive & Polish Family

Genitive & Family words Quiz

How do you say in English?

1. To jest pokój siostry.
2. To jest lustro aligatora.
3. To jest telewizor brata.
4. To jest ptak niemowienia.
5. To jest krzesło matki.


How do you say in Polish?

1. This is sister’s room.
2. This is the alligator’s mirror.
3. This is brother’s TV.
4. This is baby’s bird.
5. This is mother’s chair.

Cramped for time - that's why so little material

© 2007 by KGW

Ch 3, p. 20 Polish Family Quiz, Genitive (Possessive Case)

What is English for:

• ojciec
• matka
• brat
• siostra
• mąż
• żona
• chłopiec
• dziewczyna
• syn
• niemowię

What is Polish for:

• father
• mother
• brother
• sister
• husband
• wife
• boy
• girl
• son
• baby

A little bit of grammar

Grammar – Genitive (Possessive) Case
The Genitive case generally means of someone or something and suggests some sort of possession.

Endings for masculine animate are the same as accusative.
Therefor brat (brother) adds an “a” ending to become brata

Neuter endings also add an “a” in the genetive
So okno (window) becomes okna

However neuter nouns ending in ię change ię to ienia
So jagnię (lamb) becomes jagnienia

Masculine inanimate nouns add “u” so dom (house) becomes domu.

Feminine nouns change “a” to “y” except after k, g and l which changes the “a” to “i”.

© 2007 by KGW

Ch 3 p. 19 Polish Family

Imagine each word in your mind.

English
Polish
Gender
Pronunciation
Menomic

father
ojciec
m
OY ćhets
Imagine your DAD who loves chess crying out in joy, “OH CHESS” when he sees a chessboard.

mother
matka
f
MAT ka
Imagine your MOM saying “MAT CAn do that.”

brother
brat
m
BRAT
Imagine your friend’s BROTHER is a really brat who eats all the BRATs.

sister
siostra
f
śHOS tra
Imagine your SISTER, SO STROng, beating all the boys in arm wrestling.

husband
mąż
m
mownsh
Imagine your HUSBAND, showing you the lawn MOWN SHort.

wife
żona
f
ZHO na
Imagine your WIFE named JOAN NAturally.

boy
chłopiec
m
KHWO phets
Imagine the BOY yelling WOW PETS at the pet store

girl
dziewczyna
f
dźhev CHI na
Imagine a GIRL in DSHED in CHINA.

son
syn
m
SIN
Imagine your SON is more handsome than SIN.

daughter
córka
f
TSOOR ka
Imagine your DAUGHTER loves the CIRCUs.

baby
niemowię
n
ńe MO vlan
Imagine the BABY saying NO MORE VAN.

Quiz tomorrow

© 2007 by KGW

Ch 2, Polish / English Wordlist

Polish, English, Gender, Pronunciation, Menomic

• biały, white, m, BYA wi, Imagine asking your picky friend “BUY WHIch white socks?”


• czarny, black, m, CHAR ni, Imagine your kids out in the black yard CHARring NIckels blue


• dom, house, m, dom, Imagine you live in a house that is a huge blue DOME.


• duży, large, m, DOO zhi, Imagine seeing a LARGE ant the size of a basketball and thinking, “Wow, that’s ant’s a DOOZY.”


• kolor, color, m, ko lor, Imagine your favorite color of crayon dancing a polka


• krzesło, chair, n, KZHES wo, Imagine CACHEd WOmb bats on your favorite yellow chair.


• kuchnia, kitchen, f, KOOKH ńa, Imagine a KOOK saying NYA, nya in your pink kitchen.


• kurtyna, curtain, f, koor TI na, Imagine a pink Polish CURTAIN.


• lampa, lamp, f, LAM pa, Imagine you have a pink polish LAMP, AH.


• łazienka, bathroom, f, wa źHEN ka, Imagine WASHING KAle in your pink


• bathroom, łóżko, bed, n, WOOZH ko, Imagine a bed WOOSH GOing through the air.


• lustro, mirror, n, LOOS tro, Imagine a LOOSE TROll looking at you from your mirror.


• ma, has, verb


• mały, little, m, MA wi, Imagine your MA WIll be really LITTLE when she is a grandma.


• młody, young, m, MWO di, Image moM WOn’t DIng the YOUNG car.


• niebieski, blue, m, ńe BYES kee, Imagine that you’ll NEver BE keen to SKI on blue snow


• ogród, garden, m, O groot, Imagine looking at your garden and thinking “OH GOOD no weeds.”


• okno, window, n, O kno, Imagine saying “ACH NO” the baseball just went through the WINDOW.


• pokój, room, m, PO kooy, Imagine you POKE Your head into a blue room.


• radio,r adio, n, RA dyo, Imagine having a yellow polish RA DIO.


• salon, living room, m, SA lon, Imagine your blue living room is beauty SALON.


• stoł, table, m, STO w, Imagine STOring your blue table in a Wagon.


• szari, gray, m, SHA ri, Imagine your friend SHARI wearing an unflattering, drab, shapeless, gray dress


• szerweny, red, m, sher ve ni, Imagine saying to your friend, “SURE BENNY we can buy red hats.”


• taboret, stool, m, ta BO ret, Imagine using a small TABORET drum as a stool.,


• tani, cheap, m, TA ńee,Imagine your friend TANYa NEEds you to help her find a CHEAP dress.


• tapczan, couch, m, TAP chan, Imagine you have the TOP CHAnce to win a couch in a contest.


• telefon, telephone, m, te LE fon, Imagine a blue Polish TELEPHONE.


• telewizor, TV set, m, te le VEE zor, Imagine your blue TELEVIsion SOARing through the sky.


• toaleta, toilet, f, to a LE ta, Imagine a TOE And LETA trying to find a TOILET.


• wolny, free, m, VOL ni, Imagine a VOLE NIbbling on a FREE sample of worms.


• zegar, clock, m, ZE gar, Imagine a blue CLOCK shaped liked a CIGAR.


• zielony, green, m, źhe LO ni, Imagine being all by yourself in a green room and thinking it’s SURE LONELY here.


• żółty, yellow, m, ZHOOW ti, Imagine your friend JUDY wearing a bright yellow pantsuit.

© 2007 by KGW

Ch 2, English / Polish Wordlist

English, Polish, Gender, Pronunciation, Menomic

• bathroom łazienka f wa źHEN ka Imagine WASHING KAle in your pink bathroom.
• bed, łóżko, n, WOOZH ko, Imagine a bed WOOSH GOing through the air.
• black, czarny, m, CHAR ni, Imagine your kids out in the black yard CHARring NIckels blue
• blue, niebieski, m, ńe BYES kee, Imagine that you’ll NEver BE keen to SKI on blue snow
• chair, krzesło, n, KZHES wo, Imagine CACHEd WOmb bats on your favorite yellow chair.
• cheap, tani, m, TA ńee, Imagine your friend TANYa NEEds you to help her find a CHEAP dress.
• clock, zegar, m, ZE gar, Imagine a blue CLOCK shaped liked a CIGAR.
• color, kolor, m, ko lor, Imagine your favorite color of crayon dancing a polka
• couch, tapczan, m, TAP chan, Imagine you have the TOP CHAnce to win a couch in a contest.
• curtain, kurtyna, f, koor TI na, Imagine a pink Polish CURTAIN.
• free, wolny, m, VOL ni, Imagine a VOLE NIbbling on a FREE sample of worms.
• garden, ogród, m, O groot, Imagine looking at your garden and thinking “OH GOOD no weeds.”
• gray, szari, m, SHA ri, Imagine your friend SHARI wearing an unflattering, drab,shapeless, gray dress,
• green, zielony, m źhe LO ni, Imagine being all by yourself in a green room and thinking it’s SURE LONELY here.
• has, ma (verb)
• house, dom, m, dom, Imagine you live in a house that is a huge blue DOME.
• kitchen, kuchnia, f, KOOKH ńa, Imagine a KOOK saying NYA, nya in your pink kitchen.
• lamp, lampa, f, LAM pa, Imagine you have a pink polish LAMP, AH.
• large, duży, m, DOO zhi, Imagine seeing a LARGE ant the size of a basketball and thinking, “Wow, that’s ant’s a DOOZY.”
• little, mały, m, MA wi, Imagine your MA WIll be really LITTLE when she is a grandma.
• living room, salon, m, SA lon, Imagine your blue living room is beauty SALON.
• mirror, lustro, n, LOOS tro, Imagine a LOOSE TROll looking at you from your mirror.
• radio, radio, n, RA dyo, Imagine having a yellow polish RA DIO.
• red, szerweny, m, sher ve ni ,Imagine saying to your friend, “SURE BENNY we can buy red hats.”
• room, pokój, m, PO kooy, Imagine you POKE Your head into a blue room.
• stool, taboret, m, ta BO ret, Imagine using a small TABORET drum as a stool.
• table, stoł, m, STO w, Imagine STOring your blue table in a Wagon.
• telephone, telefon, m, te LE fon, Imagine a blue Polish TELEPHONE.
• toilet, toaleta, f, to a LE ta, Imagine a TOE And LETA trying to find a TOILET.
• TV set, telewizor, m, te le VEE zor, Imagine your blue TELEVIsion SOARing through the sky.
• white, biały, m, BYA wi, Imagine asking your picky friend “BUY WHIch white socks?”
• window, okno, n, O kno, Imagine saying “ACH NO” the baseball just went through the WINDOW.
• yellow, żółty, m, ZHOOW ti, Imagine your friend JUDY wearing a bright yellow pantsuit
• young, młody, m, MWO di, Image moM WOn’t DIng the YOUNG car.

© 2007 by KGW

Ch 2, p. 18 More Polish Home Words, Accusative Case - Masculine animate and Feminine nouns

Picture each word in your mind as you read.

English
Polish
Gender
pronunciation
Menomic

telephone
telefon
m
te LE fon
Imagine a blue Polish TELEPHONE.

toilet
toaleta
f
to a LE ta
Imagine a TOE And LETA trying to find a TOILET.

bed
łóżko
n
WOOZH ko
Imagine a bed WOOSH GOing through the air.

window
okno
n
O kno
Imagine saying “ACH NO” the baseball just went through the WINDOW.

garden
ogród
m
O groot
Imagine looking at your garden and thinking “OH GOOD no weeds.”

curtain
kurtyna
f
koor TI na
Imagine a pink Polish CURTAIN.
mirror
lustro
n
LOOS tro
Imagine a LOOSE TROll looking at you from your mirror.

clock
zegar
m
ZE gar
Imagine a blue CLOCK shaped liked a CIGAR.

couch
tapczan
m
TAP chan
Imagine you have the TOP CHAnce to win a couch in a contest.

stool
taboret
m
ta BO ret
Imagine using a small TABORET drum as a stool.


What is English for:

• telefon
• toaleta
• łóżko
• okno
• ogród
• kurtyna
• lustro
• zegar
• tapczan
• taboret

What is Polish for:

• telephone
• toilet
• bed
• window
• garden
• curtain
• mirror
• clock
• couch
• stool

Grammar: Accusative Case – Masculine animate nouns and Feminine nouns.

Masculine animate nouns add an “a” ending
and femine nouns change their “a” ending to “ę”

For example:

• The house has a rabbit is “Dom ma królika”
• The lamp has a parrot is “Lampa ma papugę”

How do you say in English?

1. Mucha ma kurtynę
2. Moskit ma kota.
3. Kaczka ma toaletę.
4. Kurtyna ma królika.
5. Zegar ma byka.

How do you say in Polish?

1. The fly has a curtain.
2. The mosquito has a cat.
3. The duck has a toilet.
4. The curtain has a rabbit
5. The clock has a bull.

© 2007 by KGW

Ch 2, p. 17 More Polish Adjectives and Accusative (Direct Object) Case

Picture each word in your mind as you read.

English
Polish
Gender
Pronunciation
Menomic

large
duży
m
DOO zhi
Imagine seeing a LARGE ant the size of a basketball and thinking, “Wow, that’s ant’s a DOOZY.”

free
wolny
m
VOL ni
Imagine a VOLE NIbbling on a FREE sample of worms.

little
mały
m
MA wi
Imagine your MA WIll be really LITTLE when she is a grandma.

cheap
tani
m
TA ńee
Imagine your friend TANYa NEEds you to help her find a CHEAP dress.

young
młody
m
MWO di
Image moM WOn’t DIng the YOUNG car.

What is English for:
duży
wolny
mały
tani
młody


What is Polish for:

• large
• free
• little
• cheap
• young
  

What is English for:

• duża lampa
• wolny telewizor
• mały stoł
• tana łazienka
• młody pokój

What is Polish for:

• large lamp
• free TV set
• little table
• cheap bathroom
• young room

Grammar: The accusative (direct object) case
The accusative case indicates the direct object of the sentence and shows whom or what a direct action is affecting. Luckily endings don’t change for masculine inanimate/nonliving objects and neuter nouns. So you only have to worry about changing the endings for feminine nouns and masculine living/animate nouns (People & animals).

For example:
The masculine nonliving Polish word "dom" for "house" remains "dom".

Translate:
Kot ma dom

Answer:
The cat has a house.

For example:
The neuter nonliving Polish word "radio" for "radio" remains "radio".

Translate:
Ptak ma lustro.

Answer:
The bird has a mirror

How do you say in English?

1. Goryl ma dom.
2. Indyk ma łóżko.
3. Foca ma krzesło.
4. Motyl ma telwizor.

How do you say in Polish?

1. The gorilla has a house.
2. The turkey has a bed.
3. The seal has a chair
4. The butterfly has a TV set.

© 2007 by KGW

Ch 2, p. 16 Polish Colors Quiz

What is English for:

• kolor
• czarny
• biały
• szari
• żółty
• szerweny
• zielony
• niebieski

What is Polish for:

• kolor
• czarny
• biały
• szari
• żółty
• szerweny
• zielony
• niebieski

Grammar:
Colors are adjectives so their masculine y or i ending changes to agree with the noun. (Remember regular feminine adjectives end in "a" and neuter adjectives end in "e". See June 3, 2007 post on Adjectives and Gender)

How would you say in English?

• czarny dom
• biała kuchnia
• żółte radio
• zielony salon
• niebieskie krzesło

How would you say in Polish?

• black house
• white kitchen
• yellow radio
• green living room
• blue chair

© 2007 by KGW

Ch 2, p. 15 Polish Colors

Colors:
Picture each word in your mind as you read.

English
Polish
Gender
Pronunciation
Menomic

color
kolor
m
ko lor
Imagine your favorite color of crayon dancing a polka

black
czarny
m
CHAR ni
Imagine your kids out in the black yard CHARring NIckels blue

white
biały
m
BYA wi
Imagine asking your picky friend “BUY WHIch white socks?”

gray
szari
m
SHA ri
Imagine your friend SHARI wearing an unflattering, drab, shapeless, gray dress.

yellow
żółty
m
ZHOOW ti
Imagine your friend JUDY wearing a bright yellow pantsuit

red
szerweny
m
sher ve ni
Imagine saying to your friend, “SURE BENNY we can buy red hats.”

green
zielony
m
źhe LO ni
Imagine being all by yourself in a green room and thinking it’s SURE LONELY here.

blue
niebieski
m
ńe BYES kee
Imagine that you’ll NEver BE keen to SKI on blue snow

Note: All these colors are in the masculine gender nominative (dictionary) case form. (Remember the nominative from Chapter 1, p. 10 posted Tuesday, June 5, 2007)

© 2007 by KGW

Ch 2, p.14 Polish Home Quiz, Polish verb "has"

What is English for:

• dom
• lampa
• kuchnia
• telewizor
• stoł
• radio
• łazienka
• krzesło
• salon
• pokój

What is Polish for:

• house
• lamp
• kitchen
• TV set
• table
• radio
• bathroom
• chair
• living room
• room

Grammar: A useful verb
The Polish word "has" is "ma"

so to say
The “cat has” in Polish you say “Kot ma”

How would you say in Polish?

• The dog has

Answer: Pies ma

© 2007 by KGW

Ch 2, p. 13 Polish Home

Picture each word in your mind as you read.

English
Polish
Gender
Pronunciation
Menomic

house
dom
m
dom
Imagine you live in a house that is a huge blue DOME.

lamp
lampa
f
LAM pa
Imagine you have a pink polish LAMP, AH.

kitchen
kuchnia
f
KOOKH ńa
Imagine a KOOK saying NYA, nya in your pink kitchen.

TV set
telewizor
m
te le VEE zor
Imagine your blue TELEVIsion SOARing through the sky.

table
stoł
m
STO w
Imagine STOring your blue table in a Wagon.

radio
radio
n
RA dyo
Imagine having a yellow polish RA DIO.

bathroom
łazienka
f
wa źHEN ka
Imagine WASHING KAle in your pink bathroom.

chair
krzesło
n
KZHES wo
Imagine CACHEd WOmb bats on your favorite yellow chair.

living room
salon
m
SA lon
Imagine your blue living room is a beauty SALON.

room
pokój
m
PO kooy
Imagine you POKE Your head into a blue room.

© 2007 by KGW

Ch 1, Polish / English Wordlist

Polish-English-Gender-Pronunciation-Menomic

• aligator-alligator, m, a lee ga tor-Imagine an alligator blue from the cold of a Polish winter.
• byk-bull, m,b ik-Imagine a blue bull writing with a BIC pen.
• chomik-hamster, m, KHO meek-Imagine your blue hamster sO MEEK hiding under the chips in its cage.
• delfin-dolphin, m, DEL fin-Imagine DEL the Polish dolphin with his blue FIN.
• dinozaur-dinosaur, m, dee no za oor-Imagine a blue dinosaur.
• dobry-good, m, DOB ri-Imagine that it’s good to DUB RIanna with the nickname Ria.
• duży-big, m, DOO zhi-Imagine looking at something really big and saying, “That’s a real Doozey”
• foka-seal, f, FO ka-Imagine using your binoculars to FO CAs on a pink seal.
• goryl-gorilla, m, GO ril-Imagine a GORILLa in a Polish zoo shouting “GO RIL!”
• indyk-turkey, m, EEN dik-Imagine mEAN DICK bringing a blue turkey for Thanksgiving.
• jagnię-lamb, n, YAG nyan-Imagine a yellow lamb sitting in NAN's lab eating YOGurt
• jest-is
• kaczka-duck, f, KACH ka-Imagine a pink duck catching you and saying "GOT CHA!"
• koń-horse, m, kon-Imagine a blue horse wearing an orange construction CONE on his head
• kot-cat, m, cot-Imagine a blue cat laying on a COT
• królik-rabbit, m, KROO leek-Imagine a CREW of LEEKs racing on a blue rabbit
• krowa-cow, f, KRO VA-Imagine a pink cow with a CROW driving a VAN
• kura-chicken, f, KOO ra-Imagine a pink chicken in a cheerleading uniform at a football game yelling "COO - RAH!"
• mały-small, m, MA wi - Imagine staying on the beautiful small Hawaiian island MAUI.
• mój-my, m, moo y
• moja-my, f, moo ya
• moje -my, n, moo yeh
• moskit-mosquito, m, MOS keet-Imagine shooting mosquitos with a MUSKET.
• motyl-butterfly, m, MO til-Imagine a MOTEL decorated with blue butterflies.
• mucha-fly, f, MOO kha-Imagine a little pink fly sitting on a MOO COW.
• mysz-mouse, f, mish-Imagine just MISsing stepping on a pink mouse with your bare feet.
• nowy-new, m, NO vi-Imagine getting a new car every NOVEmber.
• papuga-parrot, f, pa POO ga-Imagine a parrot in a PAPOOSE going GA ga.
• pies-dog-m, pyes, Imagine a blue dog stuttering "P YES"
• ptak-bird, m, pTAK-Imagine a blue cuckoo bird saying tick- TOCK.
• ryba-fish, f, RI ba-Imagine a pink fish croaking like a frog "RI - BA."
• świnia-pig, f, śHVYAN ńa - Imagine a SHoVed VAN NAmed pig.
• tam-there
• To -this is "a"-To
• To jest-This is-To yest
• zebra-zebra, f, ZE bra - Imagine a ZE BRA sunburned from the hot Polish summer sun
• zły-bad, m, ZWI - Imagine eating some really bad ZWIEback crackers.
• zmęczony-tired, m, zman CHE ni - Imagine hearing the Zzzs of a tired sleeping MACHINIST.

© 2007 by KGW

Ch 1, English / Polish Wordlist

English, Polish, Gender, Pronunciation, Menomic

• alligator, aligator, m, a lee ga tor, Imagine an alligator blue from the cold of a Polish winter.
• bad, zły, m, ZWI, Imagine eating some really bad ZWIEback crackers.
• big, duży, m, DOO zhi, Imagine looking at something really big and saying, “That’s a real Doozey”
• bird, ptak, m, pTAK, Imagine a blue cuckoo bird saying tick- TOCK.
• bull, byk, m, bik, Imagine a blue bull writing with a BIC pen.
• butterfly, motyl, m, MO til, Imagine a MOTEL decorated with blue butterflies.
• cat, kot, m, kot. Imagine a blue cat laying on a COT
• chicken. kura. f. KOO ra, Imagine a pink chicken in a cheerleading uniform at a football game yelling "COO - RAH!"
• cow, krowa, f, KRO VA, Imagine a pink cow with a CROW driving a VAN
• dinosaur, dinozaur, m, dee no za oor, Imagine a blue dinosaur.
• dog, pies, m, pyes, Imagine a blue dog stuttering "P YES"
• dolphin, delfin. m. DEL feen, Imagine DEL the Polish dolphin with his blue FIN.
• duck, kaczka, f, KACH ka, Imagine a pink duck catching you and saying "GOT CHA!"
• fish, ryba, f, RI ba, Imagine a pink fish croaking like a frog "RI - BA."
• fly, mucha, f, MOO kha, Imagine a little pink fly sitting on a MOO COW.
• good, dobry, m, DOB ri, Imagine that it’s good to DUB RIanna with the nickname Ria.
• gorilla, goryl, m, GO ril, Imagine a GORILLa in a Polish zoo shouting “GO RIL!”
• hamster, chomik, m, KHO meek, Imagine your hamster cheering "GO MICK!"
• horse, koń, m, kon, Imagine a blue horse wearing an orange construction CONE on his head
• is, jest
• lamb, jagnię, n, YAG nyan, Imagine a yellow lamb sitting in NAN's lab eating YOGurt
• mosquito, moskit, m, MOS keet, Imagine shooting mosquitos with a MUSKET.
• mouse, mysz, f, mish, Imagine just MISsing stepping on a pink mouse with your bare feet.
• my, mój, m, moo y
• my, moja, f, moo ya
• my, moje, n, moo yeh
• new, nowy, m, NO vi, Imagine getting a new car every NOVEmber.
• parrot, papuga, f, pa POO ga, Imagine a parrot in a PAPOOSE going GA ga.
• pig, świnia, f, śHVYAN ńa, Imagine a SHoVed VAN NAmed pig.
• rabbit, królik, m, KROO leek, Imagine a CREW of LEEKs racing on a blue rabbit
• seal, foka, f, FO ka, Imagine using your binoculars to FO CAs on a pink seal.
• small, mały, m, MA wi, Imagine staying on the beautiful small Hawaiian island MAUI.
• there, tam
• This is, To jest, To yest
• this is "a", To, To
• tired, zmęczony, m, zman CHE ni, Imagine hearing the Zzzs of a tired sleeping MACHINIST.
• turkey, indyk, m, EEN dik, Imagine mEAN DICK bringing a blue turkey for Thanksgiving.
• zebra, zebra, f, ZE bra, Imagine a ZE BRA sunburned from the hot Polish summer sun

© 2007 by KGW

Ch 1, p12 More Polish Animals

More Polish animals

English
Polish
Gender
Pronunciation
Menomic

parrot
papuga
f
pa POO ga
Imagine a parrot in a PAPOOSE going GA ga.

bull
byk
m
bik
Imagine a bull writing with a BIC pen.

pig
świnia
f
śHVYAN ńa
Imagine a SHoVed VAN NAmed pig.

gorilla
goryl
m
GO ril
Imagine a GORILla in a Polish zoo shouting “GO RIL!”

dolphin
delfin
m
DEL fin
Imagine DEL the Polish dolphin with his blue FIN.

How would you say in English?

• papuga
• byk
• świnia
• goryl
• delfin

How would you say in Polish?

• parrot
• bull
• pig
• gorilla
• dolphin

Grammar Note:
When noun and adjectives are together, the adjective usually comes before noun.

Practice:

Translate:

1. My pretty gorilla is there.
2. This is a tired rabbit.
3. This mouse is big.
4. This is a new fish.
5. My dog is old.


Answers:
1. Mój ładny goryl jest tam.
2. To (jest) zmęczony królik.
3. To mysz jest dobra. *
4. To nowa ryba.
5. Mój pies jest stary.

*Remember mysz (mouse) is feminine.

© 2007 by KGW

Ch 1, p. 11, More Polish Adjectives

More Polish adjectives in the masculine gender and nominative (dictionary) case given in the following order:

English
Polish
Pronunciation
Menomic

quiet
spokojny
spo KOY ni
The SPOOK NIxed the quiet house.

fresh
świeży
śHVYE zhi
SHOVE ZEE fresh veggies into the fridge.

old
stary
STA ri
Our sun is an old STAR and that’s why it’s yellow.

good
dobry
DOB ri
With this sword, I DUB RIck a good knight.

bad
złe
ZWE
These ZWIEback crackers taste really bad.


How would you say in English?

• spokojny
• świeży
• stary
• dobry
• złe

How would you say in Polish?

• quiet
• fresh
• old
• good
• bad

Practice: Remember adjectives change their ending to match the gender of the noun

1. Feminine adjectives generally end with what letter?
2. Neuter adjectives generally end with what letter?

Answers:

1. Feminine adjectives generally end with the letter "a".
2. Neuter adjectives generally end with the letter "e".

© 2007 by KGW

Ch 1, p. 10 More Polish Animals, Polish word "there" and "is", Nominative Case

More Polish animals

Picture each word in your mind as you read. Imagine the masculine animals wearing a hat and the feminine animals holding a flower.

Remember words are given as follows:

• English
• Polish
• Gender
• Pronunciation
• Menomic
  

fly
mucha
f
MOO kha
Picture a little pink fly sitting on a MOO COW.

mosquito
moskit
m
MOS keet
Imagine shooting mosquitos with a MUSKET.

Quiz:

How would you say in English?

• moja mucha
• mój moskit
• mój ptak
• mój królik
• moja kaczka
• moja ryba

How would you say in Polish?

• my fly
• my mosquito
• my bird
• my rabbit
• my duck
• my fish

The Polish word for "There" is "Tam"

The Polish word for "is" is "jest"

Grammar: Nominative Case

All words given so far have been in given in the Nominative Case which is the basic form of the word shown in a dictionary (dictionary form of words). Nominative case indicates the subject of the sentence (who or what is doing something.) This form indicates that the noun is the subject of a sentence Nominative case also follows “to” (this) where “this” indicates persons or things.

Polish for "This is my fly." is "To jest moja mucha."
Polish for "The fish is there." is "Ryba jest tam."

© 2007 by KGW

Ch 1, p. 9 Polish Adjectives and gender

Endings of Polish adjectives change to match the gender of the noun:

Adjectives modifying masculine nouns normally end in y and occasionally i.

How would you say in Polish?

• bad cat
• big dog
• good horse
• small rabbit
• tired alligator
• new bird

How would you say in English?

• zły kot
• duży pies
• dobry koń
• mały królik
• zmęczony aligator
• nowy ptak

Adjectives modifying feminine nouns usually end in a.

How would you say in Polish?

• bad chicken
• big cow
• good duck
• small fish
• tired seal

How would you say in English?

• zła kura
• duża krowa
• dobra kaczka
• mała ryba
• zmęczona foca

Adjectives modifying neuter nouns usually end in e.

How would you say in Polish?

• new lamb

How would you say in English?

• nowe jagnię

© 2007 by KGW

Ch 1, p. 8 Polish Adjectives Quiz

What is English for:

• zły
• duży
• dobry
• mały
• zmęczony
• nowy

What is Polish for:

• bad
• big
• good
• small
• tired
• new

© 2007 by KGW

Ch 1, p.7 Polish Adjectives

Here's some polish adjectives given first in English, then Polish followed by the approximate pronunciation and a menomic.

bad
zły
ZWI
Imagine eating some really bad ZWIEback crackers.

big
duży
DOO zhi
Imagine looking at something really big and saying, “That’s a real Doozey”

good
dobry
DOB ri
Imagine that it’s good to DUB RIanna with the nickname Ria.

small
mały
MA wi
Imagine staying on the beautiful small Hawaiian island MAUI.

tired
zmęczony
zman CHE ni
Imagine hearing the Zzzs of a tired sleeping MACHINIST.

new
nowy
NO vi
Imagine getting a new car every NOVEmber.


Note: The Polish “ł” sounds like the English “w”.

That's all for today

© 2007 by KGW

Ch 1, p. 6 More Polish animals quiz

What is English for:

• To aligator
• indyk
• byk
• chomik
• Jest delfin
• dinosaur
• foka
• mysz
• ptak
• motyl
• jagnię
• zebra

What is Polish for:

• This is an alligator
• turkey
• bull
• hamster
• This is a dolphin
• seal
• mouse
• bird
• butterfly
• lamb
• zebra

What gender is jagnię ?

Answer: Neuter.

Rember, neuter nouns usually end in e, ę , o or um.

That's all for today.

© 2007 by KGW

Ch 1, p. 5 More Polish Animals

Picture each word in your mind as you read. Imagine the masculine animals in blue wearing a hat and the feminine animals in pink holding a flower.

The word will be given first in English, then Polish, followed by it's gender, aproximate pronunciation and a menomic.

alligator
aligator
m
a lee ga tor
Imagine an alligator blue from the cold of a Polish winter.

turkey
indyk
m
EEN dik
Imagine mEAN DICK bringing a blue turkey for Thanksgiving.

bull
byk
m
bik
Imagine a blue bull writing with a BIC pen.

hamster
chomik
m
KHO meek
Imagine your blue hamster sO MEEK hiding under the chips in its cage.

dolphin
delfin
m
DEL feen
Imagine seeing on the side of a van DEL FENds for blue dolphins.

dinosaur
dinozaur
m
dee no za oor
Imagine a blue dinosaur.


seal
foka
f
FO ka
Imagine using your binoculars to FO CUs on a pink seal.

mouse
mysz
f
mish
Imagine just MISsing stepping on a pink mouse with your bare feet.

bird
ptak
m
pTAK
Imagine a blue cuckoo bird saying tick- TOCK.

butterfly
motyl
m
MO til
Imagine a MOTEL decorated with blue butterflies.

zebra
zebra
f
ZE bra
Imagine a ZE BRA sunburned from the hot Polish summer sun.

Note: Mysz is irregular. Even though it ends in a consonant it is feminine.
Note: Polish “SZ” sounds like English “SH”

Quiz tomorrow!

© 2007 by KGW

Ch 1, p.4 Polish the, a, my, this is

Grammar: Articles "the" and "a"

There are no definite (the) or indefinite (a, an) articles in Polish, so depending on context, krowa, can mean cow, the cow or a cow.

My:

The Polish word for my is mój (moo y)


How would you say?

• my horse
• my dog

Answer:

• mój koń
• mój pies

Note: mój changes to match the gender of the noun so

• Female nouns use moja (moo ya) and
• Neuter nouns use moje (moo yeh)

How would you say?

• my fish
• my chicken
• my lamb

Answers:

• moja ryba
• moja kura
• moje jagnię

The Polish words for “This is” is “To jest” (To yest).

For example:

• "This is my fish." is "To jest moja ryba."
• "This is my cat." is "To jest mój kot."

When “to” is used to indicate an indefinite person or thing (remember there is no indefinite article "a" in Polish), “jest” is sometimes omitted.

For example:

• "This is a cow." is "To krowa."
• "This is a dog." is "To pies."

© 2007 by KGW

Ch 1, p. 3 Polish Gender

Note: A little bit of grammar: Unlike English words, Polish words have gender and their endings usually indicate their gender.

Polish words are either

• Masculine which usually end in a consonant (Picture the animal wearing a blue cap)
• Feminine which usually end in a or i (Picture the animal wearing a pink bonnet) or
• Neuter which usually end in e, ę , o or um (Picture the animal wearing a yellow bib)

1. What are the genders of these words?

• kot
• pies
• koń
• królik

2. What are the genders of these words?

• kura
• krowa
• kaczka
• ryba

3. What gender usually ends in e, ę , o or um?

4. What is the gender of jagnię?

5. How do you say jagnię in English?

Note: The Polish “J” sounds like the English “Y”

Answers:

1. They are all masculine because they end in a consonant.
2. They are all feminine because they end in an a or i.
3. Neuter.
4. Neuter
5. Lamb

That's all for today!

© 2007 by KGW

Ch 1, p.2 Polish Animals Quiz

Do you remember the the Polish animal words from yesterday? Test yourself and find out.

How do you say the following in English?

• kot
• kura
• krowa
• pies
• kaczka
• ryba
• koń
• królik
• jagnię

How do you say the following in Polish?

• cat
• chicken
• cow
• dog
• duck
• fish
• horse
• rabbit
• lamb

That's it for today. If you forgot just review yesterday's post.

© 2007 by KGW

Ch 1, p1. Polish Animals

Imagine each word in your head as you read it first in English, then Polish followed by the approximate pronunciation and a menomic to help you remember the word. (If you have a better menomic, feel free to let me know) Quiz follows tomorrow.

(English, Polish, Pronunciation,
Menomic)

cat, kot, kot
Imagine a blue cat laying on a cot.

chicken, kura, koo ra
Imagine a pink chicken in a cheerleading uniform at a football game yelling “Coo - Rah!”

cow, krowa, kro va
Imagine a pink cow with a Crow driving a Van

dog, pies, pyes
Imagine a blue dog stuttering “P Yes”

duck, kaczka, kach ka
Imagine a pink duck catching you and saying “Got cha!”

fish, ryba, ri ba
Imagine a pink fish croaking like a frog “Ri- ba”

horse, koń, kon
Imagine a blue horse wearing a orange construction cone on his head.

rabbit, królik, kroo leek
Imagine a Crew of Leeks racing on a pink rabbit.

lamb, jagnię, yag nyan
Imagine a yellow lamb sitting in Nan’s lap eating yogurt.

Note: The Polish “W” sounds like the English “V”.

© 2007 by KGW

Introduction to Playful Polish

This is a playful book that I have started many times after I studied a little Polish. Originally my thought was that I would send it out to my mixed Polish relatives to have fun talking with each other. But realistically that's probably not going to happen as they are growing old, so it will be more for the kids, grandkids and great grandkids, etc. I also thought it would be a good review and introduction to Polish. All the other languages that I have studied so far, Spanish, French, Italian and German, have a book like this, but not Polish.

Polish is a very nice language because if you learn the pronunciation rules, you can read it with half-way decent pronunciation and by looking at the words' beginnings you can kind of guess what they mean. It's also very interesting because the ends of the words change depending on the part they play in a sentence.

Polish is also a good introduction to the Slavic language family for English speakers as it uses mostly the same letters as English.

So here I go one page a day, Monday to Friday. See you tomorrow.

© 2007 by KGW

Test to see if I can paste Polish Characters in blog

Here is the Polish Keyboard pasted in from microsoft word to see if the characters post ok.

!”#¤%&/()=?*
1234567890+’

QWERTZUIOPńćź
qwertzuiopżśó

ASDFGHJKLŁę
asdfghjklłą

YXCVBNM;:_yxcvbnm,.-
yxcvbnm,.-